Seafront Shipping Services Limited

Shipping Abbreviations

A

A/N :Arrival Notice - an import document send to the notify party and/or importer's broker containing all necessary arrival info for Customs clearance; normally with freight charges.
A/S :Alongside
AA :Always Afloat
AAAA :Always Accessible Always Afloat
AAOSA :Always Afloat or Safe Aground. Condition for a vessel whilst in port
AARA :Amsterdam-Antwerp-Rotterdam Area
AB :Able Bodied Seaman
ABAFT :Toward the rear (stern) of the ship. Behind.
ABOARD :On or within the ship
ABOVE DECK :On the deck (not over it - see ALOFT)
ABT :About
ADCOM :Address Commission
ADDENDUM :Additional chartering terms at the end of a charter party
AFF :Advanced Fire Fighting
AFFREIGHTMENT :The hiring of a ship in whole or part
AFSPS :Arrival First Sea Pilot Station (Norway)
AFT :At or towards the stern or rear of a ship
AGROUND :Touching or fast to the bottom
AGW :All Going Well
AHL :Australian Hold Ladders
AHT :Ancor handling Tug, special shiptype for handling ancors
AHTS :Ancor handling tug & supply ship
AIDS TO NAVIGATION :Artificial objects to supplement natural landmarks indicating safe and unsafe waters
ALOFT :Above the deck of the ship
AMIDSHIPS :In or toward the centre of the ship
ANCHORAGE :A place suitable for anchorage in relation to the wind, seas and bottom
ANF :Arrival Notification Form
ANTHAM :Antwerp-Hamburg Range
APS :Arrival Pilot Station
ARAG :Amsterdam-Rotterdam--Antwerp-Gent Range
ARBITRATION :Method of settling disputes which is usually binding on parties. A clause usually in a charter party
ARPA :Automatic Radar Plotting Aids
ASBA :American Shipbrokers Association
ASN :Advance Shipment Notice
ASPW :Any Safe Port in the World
ASTERN :In the back of the ship, opposite of ahead
ATA :Actual time of arrival
ATA Caarnet :Admission Temporaire (Temporary Admission)
ATD :Actual time of departure
ATDNSHINC :Any Time Day/Night Sundays and Holidays Included
ATFI :ATFI
ATHWARTSHIPS :At right angles to the centreline of the ship
ATS :Alternative Training Scheme For Marine Engineers
ATUTC :Actual Times Used to Count
AWB :Air waybill

B

B.P.B :Bank Post Bill
B/E :Bill of Exchange
B/L :Bill of Lading
B/L Ton :Bill of Lading Ton
B/P :Bill Payable
B/R :Bills Receivable
BACKLETTER :Where a seller/shipper issues a 'letter of indemnity' in favour of the carrier in exchange for a clean bill of lading
BAF :Bunker Adjustment Factor
BALE CAP. :Cubic capacity of a vessels holds to carry packaged dry cargo such as bales/pallets
BALLAST :Heavy weight, often sea water, necessary for the stability and safety of a ship which is not carrying cargo
BALLAST BONUS :Compensation for relatively long ballast voyage
BAREBOAT CHTR. :Bareboat Charter - Owners lease a specific ship and control its technical management and commercial operations only. Charterers take over all responsibility for the operation of the vessel and expenses for the duration.
BBB :Before Breaking Bulk. Refers to freight payments that must be received before discharge of a vessel commences
BDI :Both Dates Inclusive
BEAM :The maximum breadth or the greatest width of a ship
BELOW :Beneath the deck
BENDS :Both Ends (Load & Discharge Ports)
BI :Both Inclusive
BIMCO :Baltic and International Maritime Council
Bkg :Banking
Bkge :Brokerage
Bl :Bale, Barrel
BL :Bale
BM :Beam
BN :Booking Note
BOB :Bunker on Board
BOFFER :Best Offer
BOW :The forward part of a ship
BROB :Bunkers Remaining on Board
BROKERAGE :Percentage of freight payable to broker (by owners in c/p's) or applicable to sale or purchase
BSS :Basis
BSS 1/1 :Basis 1 Port to 1 Port
BT :Berth Terms
BTM :Bridge Team Management
BULKHEAD :A vertical partition separating compartments
BUNDLING :This is the assembly of pieces of cargo, secured into one manageable unit. This is relevant to items such as Structural Steel, Handrails, Stairways etc. Whilst this is a very flexible description, a rule of thumb is to present cargo at a size easily handled by a large (20 tonne) fork lift.
BUNKERS :Name given for vessels Fuel and Diesel Oil supplies (Originates from coal bunkers)
BUOY :An anchored float used for marking a position on the water or a hazard or a shoal and for mooring
BWAD :Brackish Water Arrival Draft

C

C & F :Cost and Freight : The seller pays cost and freight for the goods at the destination. The buyer assumes the risk from the port of shipment.
C&D :Collect and Delivery
C&E :Custom & Excise
C&F :Cost and Freight
C&I :Cost and Insurance
C.A.D :Cash Against Delivery
C.B.D :Cash Before Delivery
C.H :Custom House
C.I.A :Cash In Advance
C.I.F :Cost Insurance & Freight
C.I.F & C :Cost, Insurance, Freight & Commission
C.I.F & E :Cost, Insurance, Freight & Exchange
C.I.F.C & I :Cost, Insurance, Freight, Commission & Interest
C.O. :Certificate of Origin - a signed statement from a semiofficial organization certifying the origin of an export item, required by certain nations.
C.O.D :Cash on Delivery
C.O.S :Cash on Shipment
c.p.d. :Charters Pay Dues
C.R :Companies Risk
C.W.O :Cash with Order
C/A :Capital Account
C/B :Container Base
c/i :Certificate of Insurance
C/P :Charter Party, Custom of Ports
CABAF :Currency and Bunker Adjustment Factor
CAF :Currency Adjustment Factor
CAP :Condition Assessment Programme ? a quality rating program for tankers.
Capt :Captain
Cat :Catalogue
CBFT (or CFT) :Cubic Feet
CBM :Cubic Metres
Cert. :Certificate
CFR :Cost & Freight
CFS :Container Freight Station
Cge :Carriage
Ch. Fwd. :Charges Forward
Ch.ppd :Charges Prepaid
CHART :A map used by navigators
CHIEF :Customs Handling of Import and Exports Freight
CHOPT :Charterers Option
CHTRS :Charterers
CI :Certificate of Insurance
CIF :Cost Insurance Freight
CIP :Carriage and Insurance paid to...
CKD :Completely Knocked Down
CKD :Completely knocked down
CMI :Committee Maritime International
CNEE :CONSIGNEE. Name of agent, company or person receiving consignment
CNG :Compressed natural gas
COA :Contract of Affreightment - Owners agree to accept a cost per revenue tonne for cargo carried on a specific number of voyages.
COACP :Contract of Affreightment Charter Party
COB :Closing of Business
COBLDN :Closing of Business London
COD :Cash On Delivery
COGSA :Carriage of Goods by Sea Act
COGSA :Carriage of Goods by Sea Act
Collr :Collector
Com :Commercial, Commission
COMP :Competency
CONGESTION :Port/berth delays
CONS :Consumption
Cont :Contract
COP :Custom Of Port
COT :Customers Own Transport
COU :Clip on Unit
CP (or C/P) :Charter Party
CPD :Charterers Pay Dues
CPT :Carriage Paid To
CQD :Customary Quick Despatch
CR :Current Rate
Cr. :Credit, Creditor
CRN :Custom Register Number
CRN :Crane
CROB :Cargo Remaining on Board
CRT :Cargo Retention Clauses, introduced by charterers based on shortage of delivered cargo because of increased oil prices
CSC :Container Safety Convention
CST :Centistoke
CT :Combined Transport
CTD :Combined Transport Document
CTF :Tanker Familiarization (Chemical Tankers)
Ctge. :Cartage
CTO :Combined Transport Operator
CTR :Container Fitted
Cub :Cubic
CY :Container Yard

D

D.A. :Document Against Acceptance
D.A.D :Document Against Deposition
D.D. and Shpg :Sock Dues and Shipping
D.F :Dead Freight
d.l.o :Dispatch loading only
D.N :Debit Note
D.O :Delivery Order
D.P :Documents Against Payment Dock Warrant
d.p. :Direct Port
D.W :Dock Warrant
D/D :Demand Draft
D/P :Documents Against Payment
D/R :Deposit Receipt
D/W :Dock Warrant
DA :Disbursement Account
DAF :Deliver At Frontier
DAMFORDET :Damages for Detention. Penalty if cargo is not ready when ship arrives for working (1st day of Laycan). This is not detention which is charged for ships time on delay. If the cargo is ready there is no DAMFORDET.
DAPS :Days all Purposes (Total days for loading & discharging)
Dbk :Drawback
Dd :Delivered
DDP :Delivered Duty Paid.
DDU :Delivered Duty unpaid.
DECK :A permanent covering over a compartment, hull or any part thereof
DEM :Demurrage (Quay Rent). Money paid by the shipper for the occupying port space beyond a specified "Free Time" period.
DEPS :Departmental Entry Processing System
Dept :Department
DEQ :Delivered Ex Quay
DES :Delivered Ex Ship
DESP :Despatch. Time saved, reward for quick turnaround- in dry cargo only
DET :Detention (See DAMFORDET)
DEV :Deviation. Vessel departure from specified voyage course
DFRT :Deadfreight. Space booked by shipper or charterer on a vessel but not used
Dft. :Draft
DGN :Dangerous Goods Note
DGS :Directorate General Of Shipping
DHDATSBE :Despatch Half Demurrage on All Time Saved Both Ends
DHDWTSBE :Despatch Half Demurrage on Working Time Saved Both Ends
DISCH :Discharge
DK :Deck
DLOSP :Dropping Last Outwards Sea Pilot (Norway)
DNRCAOSLONL :Discountless and Non-Returnable Cargo and/or Ship Lost or Not Lost
DO :Diesel Oil
Dols :Dollars
DOLSP :Dropping Off Last Sea Pilot (Norway)
DOP :Dropping Outward Pilot
DOT :Department of Transport
Doz :Dozen
Dr. :Debtor
DRAUGHT (or DRAFT) :Depth to which a ship is immersed in water. The depth varies according to the design of the ship and will be greater or lesser depending not only on the weight of the ship and everything on board, but also on the density of the water in which the ship is lying.
DRK :Derrick
DUNNAGE :Materials of various types, often timber or matting, placed among the cargo for separation, and hence protection from damage, for ventilation and, in the case of certain cargoes, to provide space in which the tynes of a fork lift truck may be inserted.
DWAT (or DWT) :Deadweight. Weight of cargo, stores and water, i.e. the difference between lightship and loaded displacement.
DWT :Dead Weight Tonnes is a measure of the cargo carrying capacity of a ship and refers to the total weight of the cargo that a ship can carry when loaded down to its marks, including the weight of the fuel, stores, water ballast, fresh water, crew passenger and other baggage.

E

E& O.E :Errors and Omissions Expected
E.O.M :End of Month
EBB :A receeding current
EC :East Coast
ECE :Economic Commission of Europe
EDI :Electronic Data Interchange
EDIFACT :EDI Administration Commerce and Transport
EEC :European Economic Community
EFA :Elementary First Aid
EFTA :European Free Trade Association
EHA :Equipment Handover Agreement
EIU :Even If Used
ELVENT :Electric Ventilation
ERR :Engine Room Rating
ESC :European National Shippers Councils
ETA :Estimated Time of Arrival
ETC :Electronic Data Credit / Estimated Time of Completion
ETD :Estimated Time of Departure
ETO :Electro Technical Officer
ETS :Estimated Time of Sailing
Ex Ship :Buyers responsible for charges after delivery at ship
EXW :Ex Works

F

F& D :Freight and Demurrage
F.B.H :Free on Board at Harbour
F.I.O :Free in and out
F.O.B :Free on Board
F.O.C :Free of Change
F.O.D :Free of Damage
F.O.R :Free on Rail
F.o.r :Free on rail
F.O.S :Free on Ship
F.o.s :Free on steamer
F.O.T :Free on Truck
F.T.W :Free Trade Wharf
FAC :Fast as can
Fac. :Facsimile
FAK :Freight All Kind
FAS :Free Alongside Ship
FAS :Free Alongside Ship. Seller delivers goods to appropriate dock or terminal at port of embarkation and buyer covers costs and risks of loading
FCA :Free to Carrier. A modern equivalent of FAS used in intermodal transport where goods are transferred at a nominated forwarders premises, depot or terminal but not actually on board vessel.
FCL :Full Container Load
FD (FDIS) :Free Discharge
FDD :Freight Demurrage Deadfreight
FDEDANRSAOCLONL :Freight Deemed Earned, Discountless And Non-Returnable (Refundable) Ship And Or Cargo Lost Or Not Lost
FDESP :Free Despatch
FENDER :A cushion, placed between ships, or between a ship and a pier, to prevent damage
FEU :Forty Foot Equivalent Unit
FFI :For Further Instruction
FHEX :Fridays/Holidays Excluded
FHINC :Fridays/Holidays Included
FILO :Free in Liner Out
FIO :Free in and Out
FIOS :The load freely in and out and stowed.
FIOST :Free In/Out and Trimmed. Charterer pays for cost of loading/discharging cargo, including stowage and trimming.
FIOT :The load supplied by the shipper / charterer free on board the ship and pull it in off the port free from the vessel during fiot charterer pays all the required trimming.
FIT :Free In Trimmed
FIW :Free In Wagon
FIXING :Chartering a Vessel
FIXTURE :Conclusion of shipbrokers negotiations to charter a ship - an agreement
FLATPACKING :Cargo to be presented stacked and secured as an integral unit.
FLT :Full Liner Terms
FMC :Federal Maritime Commission
FME :Force Majeure Excepted
FMS :Fathoms
FO :For Orders / Free Out
FO (IFO) :Fuel Oil/Intermediate FO
FOB :Free on Board
FOFFER :Firm Offer
FOG :For Our Guidance
FOQ :Free On Quay
FOR :Free On Rail
FORCE MAJEURE :Clause limiting responsibilities of the charterers, shippers and receivers of cargo.
FORE-AND-AFT :In a line parallel to the keel
FORWARD :Toward the bow of the ship
FOT :Free on Truck
FOW :First Open Water / Free On Wharf
FP :Free Pratique. Clearance by the Health Authorities
FP & FF :Fire Prevention & Fire Fighting
FPSO :Floating production storage and offloading, a ship designed to drill, process, store & and offload oil from wells at sea.
FR :First Refusal. First attempt at best offer that can be matched
FREE DESPATCH :If loading/discharging achieved sooner than agreed, there will be no freight money returned.
FREE EXINS :Free of any Extra Insurance (Owners)
FREE OUT :Free of discharge costs to owners. Includes seafreight only.
FREEBOARD :The minimum vertical distance from the surface of the water to the gunwale
FRT :Freight
Frt Fwd :Freight Forward
Frt PP :Freight Prepaid
FRUSTRATION :Charterers when cancelling agreement sometimes quote 'doctrine of frustration' i.e. vessel is lost, extensive delays.
FWAD :Fresh Water Arrival Draft
FWDD :Fresh Water Departure Draft
FYG :For Your Guidance
FYI :For Your Information

G

GA :General Average
Gall :Gallon
GATT :General Agreement on Tariffs
GCA :Gold Close Agreement
GDP :The total value of goods and services produced in a country over a year.
GEAR :A general term for ropes, blocks, tackle and other equipment
GLS (GLESS) :Gearless
GMDSS :Global Maritime Distress & Safety System
GME :Graduate Marine Engineer
GN (or GR) :Grain (Capacity)
GNCN :Gencon (GENERAL CONDITIONS)
GNP :Gross national income. GDP plus factor income (wages, capital and entrepreneurial income) from abroad minus factor income abroad.
GO :Gas Oil
GP :Grain Capacity. Cubic capacity in 'grain'
GR :Geographical Rotation. Ports in order of calling
GRD :Geared
GRI :General Rate Increase. Used to describe an across-the-board tariff rate increase implemented by conference members and applied to base rates.
GRT :Gross Registered Tonnage
GSB :Good, Safe Berth
GSP :Good, Safe Port
GTEE :Guarantee
GUNWALE :The upper edge of a ship's sides

H

H/L :Heavy Lift
HA :Hatch
HAGUE RULES :Code of minimum conditions for the carriage of cargo under a Bill of Lading
HATCH :An opening in a ship's deck fitted with a watertight cover
HBF :Harmless Bulk Fertilizer
HDLTSBENDS :Half Despatch Lay Time Saved Both Ends
HDWTS :Half Despatch Working (or Weather) Time Saved
HHDW :Handy Heavy d.w. (Scrap)
HIRE :T/C Remuneration
HMS :Heavy Metal Scraps
HO :Hold
HOLD :A compartment below deck in a large vessel, used solely for carrying cargo
HSS (High Speed Sea Service) :Ferry Concept with large catamarans with a capacity of 1500 passengers and 375 cars or 50 trucks and 100 cars.
HULL :The main body of a ship
HW :High Water

I

I.B :In Board
I.T :Immediate Transport
I/L :Import License
ICD :Inland Clearance Depot / Inland Container Depot
ICS :Institute of Chartered Shipbrokers
ICW :Intercoastal Waterway : bays, rivers, and canals along the coasts (such as the Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico coasts), connected so that vessels may travel without going into the sea
IMDG :International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code
IMDG Code :International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code
IMO :International Maritime Organization
IN &/OR OVER :Goods carried below and/or on deck
INCOTERMS :(Refer to comments in covering statement on front page A-F)
IND :Indication
Int. :Interests
INTERMODAL :Carriage of a commodity by different modes of transport, i.e. sea, road, rail and air within a single journey
ISM :International Safety Management
ISO :International Organization for Standardization
ISPS :International Ships and Port Security System
ITF :International Transport Workers Federation (Trade Unions). Complies on crewing
ITINERARY :Route.Schedule
IU :If Used
IUHTAUTC :If Used, Half Time Actually To Count
IWL :Institute Warranty Limits

K

KEEL :The centreline of a ship running fore and aft; the backbone of a vessel
KNOT :A measurement of speed equal to one nautical mile (6,076 feet) per hour

L

L&D :Loss and Damage
L/C :Letter of Credit
L/I :Letter of Indemnity
LANE METER :A method of measuring the space capacity of Ro/Ro ships whereby each unit of space (Linear Meter) is represented by an area of deck 1.0 meter in length x 2.0 meters in width.
LASH :To hold goods in position by use of Ropes, Wires, Chains or Straps etc.
LAT :Latitude. The distance north or south of the equator measured and expressed in degrees.
LAYCAN :Laycan (Layday Cancelling Date)
LAYTIME :Time at Charterers disposal for purpose of loading/discharging
LCHS :Liquid Cargo Handling Simulator
LCL :Less Than Container Load
LCR :Lowest Current Rate
LEE :The side sheltered from the wind
LEEWARD :The direction away from the wind. Opposite of windward
LEEWAY :The sideways movement of the ship caused by either wind or current
LF :Load Factor. Percentage of cargo or passengers carries e.g. 4,000 tons carried on a vessel of 10,000 capacity has a load factor of 40%%
LGTF :Tanker Familiarization (Liquefied Gas Tankers)
LIBOR :London Inter Bank Offered Rate.
LIEN :Retention of property until outstanding debt is paid
LIFO :Liner in Free Out
LNG :Liquefied Natural Gas
LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) :Liquid natural gas transported cooled to -163 ? C.
LO-LO :Lift On Lift Off
LOA :Length Overall of the vessel
LOF :Lloyds Open Form
LOF, Lloyd?s Open Form :Standardized salvage contract. The latest version called LOF-95 takes into account the provisions of the International Convention of Salvage.
LOG :A record of courses or operation. Also, a device to measure speed
LOI :Letter of Indemnity
LONGITUDE :The distance in degrees east or west of the meridian at Greenwich, England
LOW :Last Open Water
LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas) :Liquid petroleum gas is transported under pressure and / or cooled.
LS (or LUMPS) :Lumpsum Freight. Money paid to Shipper for a charter of a ship (or portion) up to stated limit irrespective of quantity of cargo
LSD :Lashed Secured Dunnaged
LT :Long Ton = 1,016.05 kilogram (2,240 lbs)
LTHH :Liner Terms Hook/Hook
LW :Low Water
LYCN :Laycan (Layday Cancelling Date)

M

M / S :Motor Ship.
M / T :Motor Tanker.
M / V :Motor Vessel.
M.D :Months Date
M.I.P :Marine Insurance Policy
M.S. :Motor Ship
M.S.A :Merchant Shipping Act.
M.S.C :Manchester Ship Canal
M.T. :Motor Tanker
M.V. :Motor Vessel
M/P :Months After Payment
M/R :Mate's Receipt
M/V :Motor Vessel \ Merchant Vessel
MANIFEST :Inventory of cargo on board
MARPOL :International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships. IMO Convention on emission limits from ships.
MB :Merchant Broker
MCC :Marine Communication Course
MDO (DO) :Marine Diesel Oil
MEO :Marine Engineer Officer
MFA :Medical First Aid
MGMT :Management
MIDSHIP :Approximately in the location equally distant from the bow and stern
MIN/MAX :Minimum/Maximum (cargo quantity)
MMO :Multi Model Operator
MOA :Memorandum of Agreement
MOLCHOPT :More or Less Charterers Option
MOLOO :More or Less Owners Option
MOORING :An arrangement for securing a ship to a mooring buoy or pier
MPCC (Mulit Purpose Container Carrier) :Container freighter that has the capablility to carry other goods as well.
MS :Manuscript mail steamer
MT :Mertic Tonne (i.e. 1,000 kilos)

N

N.WT :Net Weight
N/T :New Terms
NAABSA :Not Always Afloat But Safely Aground
NAVIGATION :The art and science of conducting a ship safely from one point to another
NCB :National Cargo Bureau
NCV :Near Coastal Voyages
NESTING :Implies that cargo is presented stacked in the contour of similarly shaped cargo, it may be likened to a stack of plates. This is particularly relevant in the presentation of tankage strakes for transport
NM :Nautical Mile. One minute of latitude; approximately 6,076 feet - about 1/8 longer than the statute mile of 5,280 feet
NON-REVERSIBLE :(Detention). If loading completed sooner than expected, then saved days will not be added to discharge time allowed.
NOR :Notice of Readiness
NRT :Net Restricted Tonnage
NVOCC :Non Vessel Operating Container Carrier
NWKO :Navigation Watch Keeping Officer
NYPE :New York Produce Exchange

O

O.P :Open Policy(Insurance)
O.R :Owner's Risk
O.R.D :Owner's Risk of Damage
O/H :Over Height Container
O/T :Old Terms
O/W :Over width
OBL :Original Bill of Lading
OBO :Ore/Bulk/Oil Vessel
OO :Owners Option
OOG :Out of Gauge
OPA :Oil Pollution Act (USA 1990)
OS :Ordinary Seaman
OSH :Open Shelter Deck
OSV :Offshore supply vessel
OTF :Tanker Familiarization ( Oil Tankers)
OVERBOARD :Over the side or out of the ship
OWS :Owners

P

P&I :Protection and Indemnity Insurance
P&I Club :Protection and Indemnity Association
P.L :Partial Loss
P.O.D :Pay on Delivery
P/N :Promissory Note
PASTUS :Past Us
PC :Period of Charter
PCGO :Part Cargo
PCT :Percent
PDPR :Per Day Pro Rata
PER SE :By Itself
PERDIEM :By the Day
PHPD :Per Hatch Per Day
PLIMSOLL MARK / PLIMSOLL LINE / LOAD LINE :An internationally recognised line painted on the side of merchant ships. When a ship is loaded, the water level is not supposed to go above the line. Water can reach different parts of the line as its temperature and saltiness varies with the season and location. From where Plimsoll Shipping derived its name.
PORT :The left side of a ship looking forward. A harbour.
PPD :Prepaid
PPT :Promptly
PRATIQUE :Licence or permission to use a port
PREAMBLE :Introduction to a charter party
PROFORMA :Estimated Account
PSC RB :Proficiency In Survival Craft & Rescue Boats
PSSR :Personal Safety & Social Responsibility
PST :Personal Survival Techniques
PSV :Platfrom supply vessel
PUS :Plus Us
PWWD :Per Weather Working Day

R

R.I :Reinsurance
RCVR :Receiver
RECAP :Recapitulation of the terms and conditions agreed
REVAL :Revalidation
REVERSIBLE :(Detention). If loading completed sooner than expected at load port, then days saved can be added to discharge operations.
RN :Release Note
ROB :Remaining On Board
ROC :Radar Operators Course
RP :Reply Paid
RT :Revenue Tonne (i.e. 1.0 metric tonne or 1.0 cubic meter, whichever greater). The overall RT is calculated on a line by line basis of the Packing List using the largest amount. The overall freight liability is calculated on the total RT amount, multiplied by the freight rate.

S

S.D.B.L :Sight Draft and Bill of Lading included
S.F.A :Shipping and Forwarding Agent
S/N :Shipping Note
S/S :Steamship
SATPM :Saturday P.M.
SB :Safe Berth
SBT :Segregated Ballast, TanksTanks in the tankers that are only used for ballast.
SD (or SID) :Single Decker
SDR :Special Drawing Right
SEAFREIGHT :Costs charged for transporting goods over the sea. This does not cover haulage or loading/discharging costs but the sea transport only
SEAWORTHINESS :Statement of condition of the vessel (valid certificates, fully equipped and manned etc.)
SELFD :Self Discharging
SEMI-TRAILERS :Are usually 12.0 meter flat bed road trailers
SF :Stowage Factor. Cubic space (measurement tonne) occupied by one tonne (2,240 lbs/1,000 kgs) of cargo
SHEX :Sundays/Holidays Excluded
SHINC :Sundays/Holidays Included
SHMS :Ship Handling/ Marine Simulator
SHPR :Shipper - the party in whose name a contract of carriage of goods has been concluded with at carrier or any party by whom, in whose name or on whose behalf the goods are actually delivered to the carrier in relation to the contract of carriage.
SIM :Simulator
SKIDS :Are bearers (timber or steel) positioned under the cargo to enable forklift handling at port, and for ease of rigging and lashing on board ship.
SN :Satellite Navigation - A form of position finding using radio transmissions from satellites with sophisticated on-board automatic equipment
SOB :Shipped on Board
SOC :Shipper Owned Container
SOF :Statement of Facts
SP :Safe Port
SPIDERING :Is the strengthening of circular tanks for transport, this prevents the tanks from becoming warped. The tanks are strengthened with steel or wood crossbeams giving a "spider" appearance
SRBL :Signing and Releasing Bill of Lading
SSHEX :Saturdays, Sundays, Holidays Excluded
SSHINC (or SATSHINC) :Saturdays, Sundays, Holidays Included
STABILITY :It is paramount that a vessel is stable in all aspects at all times. When cargo is loaded/discharged, the stability is monitored by a computer, which takes into account the weight and position of cargo within the vessel.
STARBOARD :Right side of a ship when facing the front or forward end.
STEM :Subject to Enough Merchandise (Availability of cargo). Also, the forward most part of the bow.
STERN :The aformost or after part of a ship
STPCT :Specialized Training Programme (Chemical Tankers)
STPLGT :Specialized Training Programme (Liquefied Gas Tankers)
STPOT :Specialized Training Programme (Oil Tankers)
SUB :Subject (to). Depending upon as a condition
SUPERCARGO :Person employed by a ship owner, shipping company, charterer of a ship or shipper of goods to supervise cargo handling operations. Often called a port captain.
SWAD :Salt Water Arrival Draft
SWDD :Salt Water Departure Draft

T

T / T :Turbine Tanker.
T.L.O :Total Loss Only
T.Q :Trade Quality
T/A :Trade Acceptance
T/S :Transhipment - a shipping arrangement in which a shipment is discharged of the vessel at an intermediate port enroute and subsequently reloaded to another vessel for carriage to its final destinationl
TBN :To Be Named / To Be Nominated
TC :Time Charter - Owners agree to hire a particular ship for a set length of time and provide technical management, crewing etc.
TCP :Time Charter Party
TEU :Twenty Foot Equivalent Unit
THC :Terminal Handling Charge
THWARTSHIPS :At right angles to the centreline of the ship
TIDE :The periodic rise and fall of water level in the oceans
TIME BAR :Time after which legal claims will not be entered
TIR :Transports Internationaux Routiers (International Road Transports)
TOPSIDES :The sides of a ship between the waterline and the deck; sometimes referring to onto or above the deck
TOTA :Training Of Trainers & Assessors
TOVALOP :Tanker Owners? Voluntary Agreement Concerning Liability for Oil Pollution. The world tanker voluntary agreement on financial compensation for oil pollution.
TRIM :Fore and aft balance of a ship
TTL :Total
TTO :Through transport Operator
TW :Tween Decker

U

U/W :Under Writer
UC :Usual Conditions
UCP :Uniform Customs Terms
ULCC :?Ultra Large Crude Carrier? ? tankers of 350,000 tons.
UNCITRAL :United Nations Commission of International Trade Law
UNCTAD :United Nations Conference of Trade and Development
UPGRAD :Up gradation
USC :Unless Sooner Commenced
UT :Usual Terms
UU :Unless Used
UUIWCTAUTC :Unless Used In Which Case Time Actually Used To Count

V

VCN :Vessel Call Number
VIA :Vessel Identification Advice
VLCC :?Very Large Crude Carrier? ? tankers of 200,000 tons.
VPD :Vessel Pays Dues
VRM :Vessel Resource Management
VSL :Vessel
VTS :Vessel Traffic System. System for monitoring maritime traffic.

W

W.B :Way Bill
W.G :Weight Guaranteed
W.R :War Risk
W/M :Weight of Measurement
W/R :Warehouse Receipt
W/W :Warehouse Warrant
WATERLINE :A line painted on a hull which shows the point to which a ship sinks when it is properly trimmed
WAY :Movement of a ship through water such as headway, sternway or leeway
WCCON :Whether Customs Cleared Or Not
WIBON :Whether In Berth Or Not
WIFPON :Whether In Free Pratique Or Not
WINDWARD :Toward the direction from which the wind is coming
WIPON :Whether In Port Or Not
WLTOHC :Water Line-To-Hatch Coaming
WOG :Without Guarantee
WP :Weather Permitting. That time during which weather prevents working shall not count as laytime
WPD :Weather Permitting Day
WRIC :Wire Rods In Collis
Wt. :Weight
WTIV :Wind turbine installation vessel
WWD :Weather Working Day
WWR :When, Where Ready
WWWW :Wibon, Wccon, Wifpon, Wipon

X

Xcontr. :Container

Y

YAR :York Antwerp Rules
YAW :To swing or steer off course, as when running with a quartering sea

Z

Z :UTC = GMT